精品酒店,康提,斯里兰卡
1 外景/Exterior view
这个建筑项目既涉及它所在的城市,也关乎一个无可辩驳的使命:一座建筑必须使它紧邻的地形条件、所确定的适宜技术语汇、策划的功能和体验相符。
这座精品酒店坐落在风景如画的康提湖南岸,意在从中营造出一个具有独特魅力和美的场所。其特征是精心推敲的空间体形、当地动植物点缀的内部景观,以及展示湖面和远方秀色的全景。
不过,该建筑的设计源于创造一种建筑类型的愿望。这种类型一方面会应对城市愈发退化的建筑文化,另一方面呼吁以更人性的方式将当地资源和景观用于旅游相关产业带来的经济收益。随后将建筑置于起伏地形中的做法,特别突出了保护地段的生态和城市的整体,并以此提出一种使康提山走向负责任旅游的替代建筑类型。
在过去的几十年中,康提具备历史价值的有形肌理被彻底破坏,而原因是旅游相关活动毫无章法的增长,以及随之而来的设计低劣、危害环境的建筑单体。在跨越城市商业中心的商业街上,由铝复合板与玻璃覆板构成的立面成为常规做法,使康提一度备受称赞的雄伟城市形态一般化;在城市宗教中心周围的山上,玻璃和混凝土盒子竞相叠压、争取开阔的视野,结果毁掉了作为康提生态和文化环境重要组成部分的自然景观。
这座建筑试图设计一个方案来展示最美的城市景色,而不改变从城市远望山丘的视觉和天然景观,并以此逆转上文所述的潮流。而后让建筑掩映在青山中、营造语境的手法一部分是从现象上的回应,一部分是一种形式的社会激进主义。这是呼吁人们在保护湖畔山中仅存的生态地区上担起更大的责任。
从技术上看,虽然传承了过去的传统并进行了重新诠释,但目标无疑还是应对当下的现实和未来的可能。这个地区传统的建筑类型(比如敞亭式/带柱廊的空间、阑干式)和手工艺(比如石作、木作)与现成的工业构件(比如白铁管、金属屋面)和替代工艺(比如钢焊接、水泥浇筑)相辅相成,探索了一种新的生产和消费文化。它是战略性的、强劲的、经济的,所以能开辟未来重构城市与建筑产业的替代之路。
这个干预方案是为一个当地商人协会设计的,该协会在一定程度上负责决定城市在近期发展的形态方向。无论这种过程会有多么曲折,这个项目也是一次与那些具有举足轻重作用的人提出、探讨和传播城市建设的替代性观点、精神和实践的机会。□(尚晋 译)
2 远景/Distant view
3-5 外景/Exterior views
This building project is as much about the city that nestles it, as it is about the incontestable commitment a building must lend to its functional and experiential programme, its immediate topographical conditions, and its definition of an appropriate technological vocabulary.
Located in the southern banks of the picturesque Kandy Lake, this boutique hotel seeks to carve out a place of distinctive charm and beauty,characterised by a fine play of spatial volumes, an internal landscape enriched by local fauna and fl ora,and panoramic views capturing the scenic splendour of the lake and the beyond.
However, the genesis of the architectural design stemmed from an urge to develop a building typology that, on the one hand, reacts against the city's increasingly degrading building culture and,on the other hand, calls for a more humanistic approach in using local resources and landscape for economic gains promoted by tourism-related industries. Subsequently, the placing of the building in its undulating topography has given a special emphasis on protecting the ecology of the site as well as the city as a whole, thus proposing an alternative typology for building on the hills of Kandy, attractive to responsible tourism.
Over the last few decades, Kandy's historically significant physical fabric has been drastically altered by unplanned growth of tourism-related activities and the subsequent proliferation of poorly conceived and environmentally-undesirable building units. In the commercial streets spanning across the city's business centre, fa?ades made of aluminium composite panels and glass claddings have become the practice to follow, thereby normalising the once much-celebrated grandeur of Kandy's urban morphology; on the hills surrounding the city's sacred centre, glass and concrete boxes peep one above each other in search of expansive views,thereby obliterating the natural landscape that is very much part of Kandy's ecological and cultural setting.
This building attempts to reverse the above trend by devising an architectural proposition that captures the best of city views, but without altering the visual and physical landscape of the hills as seen from the city. The subsequent contextual approach of veiling the building amongst the green landscape is partly a phenomenological response and partly a form of social activism, which calls for greater responsibility in protecting the ecological pockets left in the hills above the lake.